Awareness of Tunisian dentists about occupational blood exposure and HBV vaccination: a survey
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24 mars 2026Authors : Amira Besbes, Soumaya Abid, Jemli Safa, Wafa Nasri, Manel Hafsi.
Abstract
Introduction : Dentists are at high risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne infections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Despite the availability of an effective HBV vaccine, gaps in knowledge, vaccination coverage, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) practices may persist among dental professionals.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, immune status regarding HBV infection, and post-exposure prophylaxis practices related to HBV and HCV among Tunisian dentists.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 among Tunisian dentists using a self-administered online questionnaire. The survey included socio-demographic data, knowledge and practices related to HBV vaccination and immune status, and management of occupational blood exposure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: A total of 230 dentists participated (mean age: 28 ± 6.6 years; 77.8% female). Most participants (92.6%) had received at least one dose of the HBV vaccine; however, only 30% completed the recommended three-dose vaccination schedule. While 81.3% correctly identified an anti-HBs antibody level >100 IU/L as protective for healthcare workers, only 35.2% were aware that HBV vaccination also protects against hepatitis D virus. Occupational blood exposure to HBV-positive patients was reported by 4.8% of respondents. Among them, 63.6% performed adequate immediate wound care, and only 18.2% received hepatitis B immunoglobulins. Knowledge regarding appropriate post-exposure treatment was insufficient among dentists without prior exposure.
Conclusion: Although initial HBV vaccination coverage among Tunisian dentists was high, completion of the full vaccination schedule and awareness of appropriate post-exposure prophylaxis remain suboptimal. Strengthening continuous education programs and reinforcing vaccination follow-up are essential to improve occupational safety in dental settings.
Keywords:
Dentists; Hepatitis HBV; HCV; Occupational blood exposure; Vaccination; Post-exposure prophylaxis.
